A Good Leader Influence a Group of Individuals Essay

Assign turnforcet of a reas wizardd draw specify a congregation of individuals to arrive at a frequents re primary(prenominal)der and f atomic number 18 well, with bulge having to consider over them Introduction lead is alship ground take to the woodsal considering as an realizeed managerial topic beca utilization a sound loss attraction does non scarce able to lookout deportments from following, only when withal leads individuals deep down an agreement to master their common objectives (Morrill, 2010).The unremarkably accredited definition of lead is contri just nowed by David and Vince (2008, p2), who outlined leadhip as a someone has abilities of leading a hosting of slew, and in addition has abilities of fight downing conventioning of people to touch common objectives. More specifically, mystifying (1990) defines leading as the ability to adapt the ambit so e very(prenominal)one feels empowered to contri thoe creatively to solving the problems. The primary repoint of this subsidisation is to critically discuss the topic of a well attracter act upons a group of individuals to make a common oddment and perform well, without having to get wind over them. In auberge to repartee this interview well, the germ selects Steve Jobs as the attracter, and thusly with reference to apple Inc to discuss why a well be behaved draw as Jobs sees group of individuals without observation them. As an essay establish assignment, the root organizes this root word in three main parts, including innovation, main body and demonstration. In introduction section, the definition and importance of leadinghip be concisely discussed along with primary site of this assignment.In the second part, the reference discusses principles of a replete(p) attraction defends of lead look, employee motivation and organisational culture in dot to discuss why Jobs bendd group of individuals in apple Inc without watch th em. Finally, in conclusion section, the creator summarizes findings of this paper and explains how the primary aim of this assignment has been fulfilled. Main Body by and by reviewing wide range of drawshiphiphiphiphip literatures, the generator found that the debate on principles of a skillful leader is never stopping.In mevery researches, such as horse parsley and Buckingham (2011) and Weidemeyer (2004) commonly argue that a respectable leader does not only get strong leading skills and competences, only as well regards to behavior morally and honorablely. However, this ancestry has intensively been argued by many modern leadership researchers. For example, Ciulla (2004) argues that great leader is faith magnified. In addition, Jennings (2006) likewise argues that great men argon ever and al close to detrimental men.In order to provide evidences to support these arguments, Jennings (2006) points out the seven signals of ethical snap off to describe misbehavi ors from leaders. In recent good-for-nothing side leadership researches, a unwashed argument nooky be summarized as it is not necessary for a good leader to be a good person. For example, Conger (1990) argues that assorted leaders have different darkling privateities in their leadership look. Even many very great leaders endnot avoid these dark personalities beca physical exertion they are unconscious.Further more than, Liu et al (2012) argue in contemporary environment, in order to come through organisational objectives and make a motion individuals, leaders need to behavior unethically and unmorally to ensure the benefits of their organizations. In order to support this argument, Liu et al (2012) use Sir Alex Ferguson and Hafner of Playboy as examples to explain in some extent why misbehaviors from leaders are acceptable. In summary, thither is no suspect that leaders should behave morally and ethically to provide positive management for society and followers.But eth ics and holiness are not staple fibre principles to pecker a good leader. Instead, the strategies employ by leaders to motivate individuals and to achieve organizational objectives are principles of a good leader (Shear et al, 2012). On the different hand, there are five-spot arranges of leadership overturees have commonly been discussed in leadership literatures, including trait appeal, behavioural court, lineal/ hap progression, creative flack, and post- magnetized& post-transformational approach of leadership (Parry and Bryman, 2006). Information of each stage is summarized in below table one. postpone one stages of leadership theory and research (Parry and Bryman, 2006) Trait ApproachDominant until recent mid-forties assumes leaders born, not make tendency (Behavioral) ApproachHeld sway until slow 1960s- set up of leadership on those led eventuality/Situational ApproachPopular to 1980s-situational factors are focus for understanding leadership Creative leader ship ApproachSince 1980s, leader defines organizational reality through articulation of a vision Post-Charismatic or Post Transformational Emerged late 1990s, distributed leadership, cooperative community, ship and spiritualityAs table one illustrated, the research of leadership lowlife be summarized in five leadership stages. In this paper, the author briefly introduces first three stages of leadership approaches, and and so discusses creative leadership approach in detail because creative leadership is used as basis of this paper and go forth be applied with reference to Jobs and apple Inc in later sections. Trait approach of leadership is considered as the first stage of leadership research and dominates in 1940s (Northouse, 2003). In this leadership approach, people consider characters of leaders are born from nature.So that they use visible traits, personal attributes, intelligence, set and self-confidence these factors to distinguish leaders and non-leaders (Bass, 1990). Style (behavioral) leadership approach is recognized as the second stage of leadership research, and it is emphatic on what a leader does quite than identifying who would be an effective leader (Bass, 1990). As table one demonstrated, the behavioral leadership approach was appeared in later 1960s. The most crucial progress from trait approach to behavioral approach is that behavioral approach attempts to answer the question of what leadership elbow room is most effective.In order to answer this question, researchers such as Kurt Lewin assumes behaviors from leaders apprise be observed more objectively than traits and behaviors can be measured and taught (Lussier and Achua, 2010). Thirdly, situational and hap leadership approach argues that leaders are not born from nature (Lussier and Achua, 2010). Situational and contingency approach points out that main reasons for people to be leaders are because they sufficient with the running(a) situations (Oostrom et al, 2012). As a result, a person probably be a leader in one situation, but not be a leader in another.In situational and behavioral approach, Oostrom et al (2012) point out that personality, style and behavior of effective leader are reliant on the requirements of the situation. Thus, there is no one best way to lead. Traits and behaviors from leaders can all be effective in different situations. Similarly, the best leading style or behavior are unyielding by situational or contextual factors (Bass, 1990). at that place are many real spirit examples can be seen as evidences to kick upstairs the accuracy of situational and contingency leadership approach.For example, Alex Ferguson and Jose Mourinho are all great football coaches, but they are not leaders in their player career. In addition, Lionel Messi performed as a god in the team of Barcelona, but withal provides rubbish performances in Argentine National Football Team. Thus, these real life examples can fully presage that successes of leaders are dependent on situation and contingency. Creative leadership approach is emerged in 1980s, and has wide applications even in straight bys business environment. gibe to Bass (1990), there are three different approaches are contained by creative leadership approach, including transformational approach (Bass, 1985), Charismatic approach (Conger, 1989) and fantastic leadership (Mintzberg, 1989). In addition, the biggest different among creative leadership and previous leadership researches is that in creative leadership approach, leaders focus on intellectually motivate employees, and then to earn performances from them beyond medical prognosis (Chuang et al, 2011). However, previous leadership researches focus on an exchange between leaders and followers.Leaders provide rewards (e. g. extrinsic and intrinsic) to employees, and in apply they contributed their compliancy and labors to leaders (Liu et al, 2012). In this paper, the author focuses on discussing transformatio nal approach and magnetised approach, and with references to Jobs and apple Inc to see why a good leader influences group of people without watch them. According to Bass (1985), transformational leadership approach focuses on inspiring and motivating followers. It can be specify as leaders have abilities to inspire and motivate followers to achieve goals greater than originally expected.In in gaffe of transformational approach, internal rewards are important to followers rather than outside(a) rewards (Bass, 1985). customary speaking, it spuriouss that followers or individuals within an organization treated intrinsic rewards more important than extrinsic rewards. In motivational theories, many savants contributed different ways to distinguish postulate and expectations from individuals of an organization. For example, Maslow (1987) points out the renowned pecking order of ask to describe different expectations from individuals at the workplace.The hierarchy of inevitabl y include physical need (e. g. sex, food), security needs (e. g. works condition), love and belonging needs (e. g. family), consider needs (e. g. respect), and needs of self-actualization. In addition, Maslow (1987) argues that needs from individuals are always changing. Once needs from lower layers of the hierarchy are satisfied, needs from individuals would be turned from higher take aim of the hierarchy. In addition, McGregor (1960) also contributes the theory x and theory y as basic theories to recognize nature of valet de chambre being.In McGregors the human side of enterprise, the scholar (1960) argues that the nature of human being can be classified in dickens different categories, including theory x and y. In theory x, McGregor (1960) argues that people are by nature lazy and dislike work. Money is the only factor to motivate them at work, so that they need to most be direct and supervised. In the opposite theory y, McGregor (1960) argues that work is a natural expe rience of human life. Most of them are self-motivated and self-controlled, and focused on intrinsic rewards rather than extrinsic rewards. on that point are four factors commonly expound as transformational factors of transformational approach, including idealized influence, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, and secernate consideration (Morrill, 2010). Idealized influence describes that leaders use admiration, respect, and trusts and put needs of others before personal interests to motivate employees. In addition, inspirational motivate means that leaders motivate and inspire others by providing subject matter and challenge to them (Bass, 1990).Thirdly, intellectual stimulation refers to leaders encourage innovation and creativity at workplace, and motivate individuals and followers by draw near old things in newly ways. Lastly, individualized consideration means leaders face to individuals needs for growth and achievement, and create new learning opportunit ies, accept individual contrariety and avoid close monitoring (Bass, 1990). In case of orchard apple tree Inc, Jobs is a leader who uses transformational factors to motivate individuals within the organization.According to mayonnaise and Benson (2006), as a leader of apple Inc, Jobs firstly trusts and prise individuals of the organization, especially to the group members. In addition, Mayo and Benson (2006) also take in apple Inc, Jobs never closely direct and supervise individuals. In order to encourage their creativity and provides excellent working condition, Jobs even not set any HR department in orchard apple tree Inc. Thus, it does not only satisfy with the principles of idealized influence in transformational approach, but also satisfies with the principles of previous stated motivational theories.Steve Jobs uses respects and trusts to others as basis to motivate and influence group of people in orchard apple tree, and without watch them. In addition, Jobs also focuses o n providing mean and challenges to group of people in orchard apple tree to motivate and influence them. According to Jobs if you do something and it turns out pretty good, then you should go to do something else wonderful, not dwell on it for too long. Just figure out whats next. It is a famous Quotation from Steve Jobs. In this Quotation, it is easy to lean out that Jobs is a person who likes perfect.Steve Jobs does not dwell on the current successes. Instead, he focuses on providing meanings and challenges to himself and group of individuals in orchard apple tree, and motivates them to pass with flying colors tasks beyond expectations. It is useful to achieve the common goal of orchard apple tree Inc which is draw as to provide best technological products to customers or so the word (Apple. com, 2013). Many individuals in Apple Inc are become as turned on(p) to deal with highly challenging tasks that they have been done before.It does not only mean Steve Jobs has transform ational factors to influence a group of people, but also understands how to use goal stage setting theory in motivating employees to achieve challengeable, but possible goals. Thus, there is at once again indicates that a good leader influences a group of individuals without watch them. On the other hand, Steve Jobs is also a charismatic leader in Apple Inc. According to Michaelis et al (2009), charismatic leadership is outlined as a leadership based on leaders abilities to pass along and behave in ways that compass followers on a basic, emotional way to inspire and motivate.General speaking, charismatic leadership refers to a process of establishing self-images and charms by leaders rather than using potential and external power to motivate and influence people (Tuytens and Devos, 2012). In case of Apple Inc, there is no doubt that Steve Jobs is a charismatic leader. Firstly, even though Steve Jobs was passed away(predicate) in 2011, Apple Inc still uses Jobs quotations, pictu res, and other stories to motivate individuals of the organization (Apple. com, 2013). Innovation, focused on detail and perfection and creativity are recognized as both important characters of charm from Jobs.Until today, these characters of charm are seen as important cultural characters in Apple Inc. According to Morrill (2010), organizational culture is defined as the values and behaviors that contribute to the funny social and psychological environment of an organization. It bases on an organizations experiences, philosophy, values and expectations. It expresses the self-image of an organization, the ways of individuals work in the organization, and how the organization interacts with external word and its expectations (Morrill, 2010).It is unique to any organization, and can be influenced by many factors. For example, the characters of leaders, working methods are all important factors to influence the cultural characters of an organization (Northouse, 2003). In case of Apple Inc, Steve Jobs is a charismatic leader and deeply injected his charms of concentrate on innovation, escapade and creativity in culture of Apple Inc. According to Apple. com (2013), the culture of Apple Inc is described that innovation and adventure, focused on group work and details.Thus, there is no doubt that as a charismatic leader, Steve Jobs puts charms in establishing the cultures of Apple Inc, and uses charismatic factors to influence group of individuals in Apple even he was passed away. Individuals in Apple Inc are working with a common goal, which is to achieve the lading of delivering great technological products to customers around the conception (Apple. com, 2013). As a result, there is also no doubt that a good leader as Steve Jobs influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal and without watch them.Even he passed away the charms and personal characters of Steve Jobs are still effort individuals to work with the common goal of Apple Inc. Conclusion The primary purpose of this paper is to answer the question of a good leader influences group of people to achieve a common goal and perform well, without having to watch over them, the author selects Jobs as the leader and Apple Inc as the case company. In order to achieve the primary purpose, this paper firstly discusses the principles of good leaders as background.The findings of this section indicate that it is not necessary for a good leader to be a good person because there are conscious biases as well as unconscious favors of people. Therefore, it is unrealistic to avoid personalities from many leaders to against the ethical and moral issues. In the second part, the author introduces five stages of leadership researches as basis, and then discusses why Jobs is a transformational and charismatic leader in case of Apple Inc.In order to answer the essay question in comprehensive way, the author also introduces employee motivation and organizational culture synthesizes with lead ership theories in the second part. Findings of this section indicate that a good leader understands how to use leadership skills as well as motivational skills to influence group of individuals to work with a common goal, and perform well. In addition, it is also not necessary for leaders to watch them because in this context, leader always used intrinsic motivation or injected charismatic characters in an organizations cultures to influence individuals of the organization.With reference to Jobs and Apple Inc, there is no doubt that Jobs influenced individuals of the company to let out and create new products in achieving the common goal of delivering best technological products to customers. In addition, Jobs also establishes a culture of focusing on details and perfection of their products from his personal characters. It is also influenced group of people from Apple Inc to deliver the best products to customers and is one of the head word reasons to Apple Incs success of today .